English Grammar – B2 Upper-intermediate Level

B2 adjectives and adverbs

• Adjectives with -ed vs -ing i.e. I am interested in your offer. Your offer is interesting.
• Adverbs of frequency – always, never, seldom, sometimes, often, etc.
• Word order of adverbs of frequency i.e. I am never late. I never call people after 10 p.m.
• Comparative and superlative of irregular adjectives i.e. far – further / farther – furthest / farthest
• Same as, the same i.e. Laura gets the same salary as me. You’re just the same as your mother.
• As… as i.e. He isn’t as old as he looks. It’s not as cold.
• Like, alike, slightly,  i.e. You look like your mother, They look alike. She is slightly taller than me. 

B2 conditionals

• 0  conditional i.e. If you are happy, clap your hands.
• 1st conditional i.e. If it rains, I will stay at home. 
• 2nd conditional i.e. If I were you, I would drink more water.
• 3rd conditional i.e. If I had married Paul, I would have lived in that beautiful house. 
• Mixed conditional i.e. If I had worked harder at school, I would have a better job now.
• Wish i.e. I wish I was taller. I wish I had done that earlier.

B2 future tenses: 

• Will i.e. I am sure she will win the race. I will call you tomorrow. 
• Future progressive i.e. I will be taking my nephew to a concert tomorrow.
• Going to i.e. I am going to buy some books. 
• Will and going to for prediction i.e. I’m sure you will pass the test. 
• Will get used to i.e. I will get used to living in a city eventually.
• Passive voice i.e. The dinner will be cooked by my friend. 
• Reported speech i.e. She said she would come for sure.
• Future perfect i.e. Next year we will have been married for ten years. 
• Future perfect progressive i.e. You will have been waiting for more than two hours when her plane finally arrives.

B2 gerund and infinitive

• Forming nouns from verbs using – ing i.e. swim – swimming, play – playing
• Verbs followed by gerund such as decide, make me, hate, suggest, remember, think about,  prefer, try, etc. 
• Verbs followed by infinitives such as think about, make me, hope, advise, manage, mind, etc. 
• Verbs followed by bare infinitives such as I’d rather, had better, etc. 
• Verbs followed by to + gerund such as help, look forward, etc.

B2 modal verbs:

• may, might for probability i.e. It might rain. 
• May, might for polite request i.e. May  I see your passport?
• May and might for deduction or speculation i.e. I might look for another job. 
• Can, can’t have done i.e. It could have been Sarah last night. 
• Can, could for polite request i.e. Can I see your manager? Could you say it again?
• Can for probability i.e. I can come and see you if you like. 
• Could for ability i.e. I could ski before I could walk. 
• Could for probability i.e. We could see the lake when we kept walking. 
• Could for deduction or speculation i.e. It could be far now. It could be easy. 
• Must vs have to i.e. I must phone her. I have to work from 8 to 5.
• Have got to i.e. You have got to concentrate. 
• Must have done i.e. She must have been asleep when I walked in. 
• must/can’t for deduction i.e. She must be a chef. She can’t be a policeman. 
• Be able to in past and present perfect i.e. I was able to escape. I haven’t been able to see her in the hospital. 
• Be able to for possibility i.e. I might be able to speak English after this course. 
• Ought to for obligation i.e. You ought to study more. 
• Need for necessity i.e. You need to see a doctor soon. 
• Needn’t for obligation i.e.  You needn’t go to the staff meetings. 
• Need, Needn’t have done i.e. You needn’t have gotten up so early. 
• Mustn’t for obligation i.e. You mustn’t go. 
• Shall for polite request i.e. Shall we go?
• Shall for suggestions i.e. Shall we invite my mom for lunch?
• Be able to in present, future, past and present perfect for ability i.e. I was able to drive. I will be able to drive. I have been able to drive.
• Should for giving advice i.e. You shouldn’t be here now. 
• Should have done i.e. They should have arrived a long ago. 
• Would expressing habits, in the past i.e. My dad would read me amazing stories every night at bedtime.
• Reported speech

B2 past tenses:

• Past simple i.e. They watched TV all evening. It began to rain soon after dinner. I didn’t see Jane all evening. Did you meet your friend?
• Past progressive i.e. The telephone rang when she was having a bath. She was wearing trousers yesterday. 
• Past perfect i.e. She found the keys she had lost. 
• Past perfect progressive i.e. We had been playing tennis all evening. 
• Used to i.e. She used to play football as a kid. 
• Was used to, got used to in all forms i.e. She was used to talking to her family on the phone. 
• Had something done i.e. I had my hair cut. 
• Passive voice of all past tenses i.e. The promise was broken. The office was cleaned every day.
• Reported speech i.e. She said she wanted to buy a car. 
• Past tenses used for narration
• All irregular verbs

B2 prepositions:

• Prepositional phrases with in, for, from, to, at, to, in, about, with, from, of, etc. 
• Among, Until, On, At, In, In case, By, Of, With, About, To, For, About, From, Out of

B2 present tenses:

• Present simple i.e. Mark usually plays football on Sundays. 
• Stative verbs i.e. like, prefer, understand, want, need, know, mean, believe, remember, forget
• Present simple for future i.e. The train leaves at 8. The bank closes at 4.
• Present progressive i.e. Please be quiet, I am working. 
• Present progressive for future i.e. I am seeing my sister tomorrow.
• Present progressive with always i.e. She is always screaming. 
• Present perfect with for, since, yet, already, never, ever, just, recently,  etc. 
• Present perfect progressive i.e. I have been working for Jane for seven years now. 
• Passive voice of all present tenses i.e. Hamlet was written by Shakespeare. The sweater is made of wool.
• Reported speech i.e. She said she was happy. 
• Is used to, get used to in all present tenses i.e. I used to live in a city. You can get used to living in a village. 
• To have something done i.e. I have had my hair cut. 

B2 pronouns:

• Pronouns: something, anything, someone, anyone, something, anything, somewhere, anywhere, etc. 
• Reflexive pronouns: myself, himself, herself, himself, ourselves, yourself, themselves
• Relative pronouns used for relative clauses: which, who, whose, whom, that, where, when, etc.

B2 questions:

• Complex question tags i.e. I’m going to get an email with the details, aren’t I?
• Wh- questions i.e. How long ago etc.
• Auxiliary verbs: either, neither, So do I, I hope so, etc.